Basics of Telecom Mobile Communication Emergency Communication Emergency Communication is provided by following means a) Emergency Socket b) 5/25 Watt VHF sets c) GSM - R ( very less percentile) d) Mobile phones available with driver, guard and staff. Disadvantage of above mode of Emergency Communication - Section controller is not able to contact train crew in moving train It can be initiated only in static condition SOS facility is not available Weight of emergency control phone is fairly heavy. GSM - R is used at very less percentile. To avoid these Shortcoming MTRC ( Mobile train radio communication) is implemented. Accidents, unusual situation, robbery in train, Locomotive failure and chain pulling etc. Features of MTRC - Driver to Control Guard to Control Driver to station maste...
Data Components - A data communication system has five components. 1. Receiver 2. Sender 3. Message 4. Transmission media- Path by which message travels. Ex Twisted pair wires, Coaxial cable,fibre optic cable and radio waves 5. Protocol Protocol is set of rules used by computers to communicate with each other across network. Protocols can be classified as Proprietary Protocol ( specific make) Open source Protocol ( Any make). Bandwidth - It is defined as amount of data that can be transmitted into a fixed amount of time. Usually expressed in bps ( bits per second) Fundamental Characteristics of Data Communication 1. Delivery- System must deliver data to correct destination 2. Accuracy- System must deliver data accurately 3. Timeliness- System must deliver data in a timely manner 4. Jitter- Jitter refers to variation in packet arrival time. It is uneven delay in the delivery of audio and video packets,which r...
Max LAP approved one time - 180 days .( if available in his account). Max LHAP approved one time - 24 months ( if available in his account). Leave not due - Max 360 days in service. Can be sanctioned on medical grounds Compensatory casual leave granted to Group C &D employees other than supervisory staff for attending on Sundays and holidays. Special casual leave It is sanctioned for participation in sporting events/events of national importance,for scouting duties and family welfare. Special casual leave can be granted in following cases. Administration of operative society members. Participation in scouts . Participation in sports activities Participation in railway union activities etc In bandh,curfew and national calamity. A railway Servant,who has taken CL for half a day on the afternoon of a working day due to unexpected sickness or compelling grounds and he has no CL at his credit, may as an exception to general rule,be permitted to combine h...
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