13.TCAS,TPWS

 ATP( Automatic Train Protection)

Features of ATP are

1)  Detection and Prevention of SPAD.

2) Cab Signalling with display of movement authority, target distance, speed and signal aspect.

3) Continuous train control 

4) Prevention of speed restriction.

5) Detection of roll back

6) Blowing horn while approaching LC gate.

Track Side Equipment of ATP

a) RFID Tag

b) Stationary unit 

c) Radio

As per RDSO Specification, RFID tag shall have minimum ingression protection level of IP 68.RFID tag is passive device.

Maximum distance between two normal tags in Block Section is 1000 m.

RFID tag provides specific static information to Loco kavach

On board Equipment of ATP

a) On Board Computer ( OBC)

b) RFID reader consisting of two RFID Reader in hot standby.

c) Driver Machine Interface( DMI), indications and non-resettable counters.

d) Loco radio units consisting of two Radio Modems in hot standby with seperate cables and antenna for each radio.

e) Pulse Generators( Speed Sensors)

f) Train Interface Unit ( TIU)

g) Interface to existing brake controls application of Normal/service/emergency brakes or interface to existing brake system directly.

h) Power supply arrangement.

I) Suitable Isolation arrangement for isolating the system.

 KMS

KMS used for security of radio communication between stationary KAVACH and Loco Kavach. KMS is Key Management System.

In TPWS , movement Authority is updated at Balise locations.

RFID - Radio frequency identification 

GPS

Purpose of GPS in Kavach System is Time Synchronisation of all molecules.

Important Information -

Station Kavach communicates with NMS through E1 interface.

In kavach LC gate Tag on main line is placed at 600 m distance before approach of LC gate for automatic whistling.

Movement Authority generated by Stationary KAVACH. 

TCAS is designed two out of two Hardware with identical software.

Station TCAS and LoCo TCAS communicates with each other for every 2 second 

Loco has two antennas,  GPS antenna and radio antenna

Station TCAS has also two antennas, GPS antenna and radio antenna.

Signals are connected with station TCAS only.

There will be two RFID tag at one place.

There will be two RFID tag reader, one in front other in back in loco.

Movement authority -

Distance upto which the train is permitted to travel safely 

Record of critical events need to be stored for 90 days.

TPWS has total 40 packets for track to train transmission.

Input data fed to OBC of LOCO TCAS through DMI is

1. Length of train

2. Wheel diameter 

3. Deceleration factor 

Stationary TCAS transmits data on F1 frequency.

Frequency used in TCAS

441.8 MHZ

456.8 MHZ

416.8 MHZ

466.8 MHZ

426.8 MHZ

Communication between Stn kavach and Loco Kavach  - 1024 bits.

F0 freq - Loco kavach transmits in Block Section and in emergency it transmits 

SOS,head on collision, rear end collision. 

LTe modem - 24 v DC, 110 v AC

Stn kavach to NMS - E1 INTERFACE 

LOCO Kavach- NMS- GSM interface 

Stn Kavach - 6 RIU

OVRD mode - Allows Loco kavach to pass Signal in ON Aspect.

PTRIP mode - Operted after SPAD condition for Loco kavach

PSR- Permanent Speed restriction 

TSR- Temporary Speed Restriction 

EB - Emergency brake 

FSB - Full Service Brake 

Kavach- Max 250 kmph.

Communication Range in TCAS is 1.5km normally and in double distant terroritary, it is 4.5 kms

TCAS is ETCS level 2

TPWS has total 38 types of packets.


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