14.Rajabhasa Hindi

 


Official Language Policy and Implementation in India: A Railway Perspective

1. Important Dates & Observances

  • Hindi Diwas: 14 September (Hindi accepted as Rajbhasha on 14 Sept 1949 by Constituent Assembly)

  • World Hindi Day: 10 January

2. Constitutional Provisions

  • Total Parts & Articles: Indian Constitution has 25 Parts and 448 Articles.

  • Relevant Parts & Articles related to Rajbhasa:

    • Part V, Article 120(1): Language in Parliament - Hindi or English

    • Part VI, Article 210: Language in State Legislative Assemblies - Hindi, English, or regional language

    • Part XVII (Articles 343 to 351): Provisions related to Official Language. This article was passed in parliament on 14 Sept 1949.

      • Article 343(1): Hindi in Devanagari script as the official language of the Union

      • Article 343(2) : - for a period of fifteen years from the commencement of this Constitution ( from 26 Jan 1950 to 15 Jan 1965), the English language shall continue to be used for all the official  purpose of the Union for which it was being used immediately before such commencement.

      • Article 344: Official Language Commission and Parliamentary Committee.

    • Official language commission was formed on 07 June 1955.(Its chairman was Sri B G Kher).
    • A Committee of Parliament was formed to review the report of this commission under Article 344(2).First chairman of this committee was Sri G B Pant.

      • Article 345: States can adopt their own official language.

      • Article 346: Language of communication between states and with the Union.

      • Article 347: Special provision regarding Language spoken by the population in specific area of state.

      • Article 348: High Courts and Supreme Court proceedings in English.

      • Article 349 : Special procedure for Enactment of certain laws relating to language.

      • Article 350: A person can submit his representation for redressal of Grievances in any language used in Union or states.

      • Article 351: Directive for the development of Hindi. Vocabulary of Hindi will be primary from sanskrit and secondary from other languages.

      • Presidents order regarding the Official Language were issued on 27th April 1960.

3. Official Language Act, 1963 (Total 9 Sections)

  • Enactment: Passed on 10 May 1963, amended in 1967. 

  • Section 1 - Short title and commencement 

  • Section 2- Definition in this Act

  • Section 3 - Continuation of English language for Official purpose.

  • Section 3(3) : Documents to be published in both Hindi and English (Enacted on 26 Jan 1965)

    • 1. Office Order. 

    •  2. Resolution 

    •  3. Rule 

    •  4. Memorandum 

    •  5. Notification 

    •  6. Policy document 

    •  7. Contract 

    •  8. Agreement 

    •  9. Tender 

    •  10. Tender Notice 

    •  11. Press Communiques 

    •  12. Administrative Reports 

    •  13. Licences 

    •  14. Permit

  • Section 4 - Constitution of Parliamentary committee on official language. 

        This Committee will have 30 members (20 from Lok Sabha and 10 from Rajya Sabha).It shall be the duty of the Committee to review the progress made in the use of Hindi for the official purposes of the Union. It has total 3 sub Committes. Its second sub-Committee inspects the railway ministry.

  • Section 5 - Authorized Hindi translation of Central acts etc

  • Section 6 - Authorized Hindi translation of state Acts in certain cases 

  • Section 7 - Optional use of Hindi or other Official language in judgements, etc., of High Courts

  • Section 8 - Power to make rules.  The Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, make rules for carrying out the purposes of this Act.

  • Section 9 - Provisions of section 6 and 7 do not apply for J&K state.


    Official Languages Resolution Passed by both Houses of         Pariament-18 Jan 1968

Department of Official Language was set up in June 1975 as an independent Department of the Ministry of Home Affairs.

5. Official Language Rules, 1976

  • Came into Force: 17 July 1976

  • Amendments: 1987, 2007, 2011

  • Applicability: Entire India except Tamil Nadu

  • Total Rules: 12

Region Classification

  • Region A: Hindi-speaking states (Bihar, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh , M.P, Rajasthan,U.P., Chhatisgarh, Uttarakhand, Jharkhand, A&N Islands and Delhi. Centre government

  • Region B: Mixed (e.g., Maharashtra, Gujarat, Chandigarh, Punjab, Dadra Nagar Haveli, Daman Dieu)

  • Region C: Non-Hindi speaking states (e.g.West Bengal)

Key Rules

  • Rule 2: Region-wise classification

  • Rule 3: Communication to states

    • Region A & B: Hindi (with English if needed)

    • Region C: English

  • Rule 4: Communication between Central Govt. offices can be in Hindi or English

  • Rule 5:  communications from a Central Government office in reply to communications in Hindi shall be in Hindi.

  • Rule 6: Both Hindi and English shall be used for all documents referred in Section 3(3) of the Rajya Bhasa act 1963 and it shall be the responsibility of person signing such documents that made, executed and issued in both Hindi and English. 

  • Rule 7: 1) An employee may submit an application, appeal or representation in Hindi or in English.

  • 2) Any Application, appeal or representation referred to in
  •  sub-rule (1) when made or signed in 
  • Hindi, shall be replied to in Hindi.
  • 3)  Where an employee desires any order or notice relating to service matters (including 
    disciplinary proceedings) required to be served on him to 
    be in Hindi, or as the case may be, in English, it shall be             given to him in that language without undue delay.
  • Rule 8- Noting in Central Government offices may be in Hindi or English
  • Rule 9 - Proficiency in Hindi -
  1. An employee shall be deemed to possess proficiency in 
  2. Hindi if:-
  3. 1) He has passed the Matriculation or any equivalent or higher examination with Hindi as the medium of examination; 

  5. or 2) he has taken Hindi as an elective subject in the degree examination or any other examination equivalent to or higher than the degree examination; or

  7. 3) he declares himself to possess proficiency in Hindi in the form annexed to these rules.

  • Rule 10 : Working knowledge of Hindi-

  • An employee shall be deemed to have acquired a working knowledge of Hindi -
  • If he has passed -
      • the Matriculation or an equivalent or higher examination with Hindi as one of the subjects ; or
      • the Pragya examination conducted under the Hindi Teaching Scheme of the Central Government or when so specified by that Government in respect of any particular category of posts, any lower examination under that Scheme ; or
      • any other examination specified in that behalf by the Central Government; or
      • if he declares himself to have acquired such knowledge in the form annexed to these rules.

  • Rule 11- Manuals, Codes, other procedural literature, articles of Stationery, etc.

  • Sub rule 2 of Rule 11 - The forms and heading of registerd must be printed in Hindi and English

  • Sub Rule 3 of Rule 11-- All Name plates, sign boards, Notice boards, letter heads shall be printed in Hindi and English.

  • Rule 12: Administrative Head of the office is responsible for policy implementation

6. Language Implementation in Indian Railways

  • DRM: Chairman, Divisional Official Language Committee

  • GM: Chairman, Zonal Official Language Committee

  • Railway Minister: Chairman, Railway Hindi Advisory Committee

  • Meetings:

    • Divisional Committee: Once in 3 months

    • Zonal Committee: 4 times a year

    • Town Official Language Committee: Once in 6 months

    • Chairman of the Town Official Language Implementation Committee constituted in major cities--Senior most Officer of Central govt in city

  • Awards:

    • Kamalapati Tripathi Golden Medal: GM & above

    • Rail Mantri Silver Medal: SAG & above, ₹8000

    • Lal Bahadur Shastri Award: original book writing in hindi on Technical subjects.

    • Mathili Sharan Gupt Award: Poem/Ghazal 

    • First prize - 20000/-

    • Second prize - 10000/-
            Third prize - 7000/-

    • Premchand Award: Story/Novel writing-Award money 7000/- rupees

    • Rajbhasha Individual Award: JAG Officers and non-gazetted employees

    • Lal Bahadur Shastri Technical Award.

    •  First prize - 20000/- 

    • Second prize - 10000/-

    • Third prize - 7000/-

    • First prize under railway Hindi noting and drafting competition-5000/-

      Amount of first prize under the Incentive Award Scheme for doing official work originally in Hindi--  5000/-
  • There are two first prizes under Incentive Award Scheme.

    Rail Mantri Hindi Essay Competition-- Total 04 prizes

    Two first prizes for Gazetted and Non Gazetted category. (6000/- Each)

    Two Second prize Gazetted and Non-Gazetted category. (4000/- Each)
  • Rajya Bhasa Gaurav Puraskar Yojna--

    1. Started in 2022-23 by Dept of official language.
    2. For writing original book in Hindi on the subjects like science, police, crime, art, culture etc.

  • Rail Yatra Vritant Praskar -
  • First prize--10000/-
  • Other prizes are 8000/-,6000/- and 4000/-.

7. Language Training & Proficiency

  • Exams for Hindi - 3 Exams

    • Prabodh: Introductory

    • Praveen - Medium knowledge of Hindi 

    • Pragya: Good knowledge

    • What is the level of Hindi qualification of Pragya: 10th Class equivalent

    • Pragya Exam Award Money 

    • 70 percent or more - 2400 Rupees 

    • 60 percentage or more but less than 70 percent - 1600 Rupees 

  • 55 percentage or more but less than 60 percent - 800 Rupees 

    • Other than these Exams if you Passed Matric in Hindi Medium, you are  Praveen. 

    • Passed Matric or Higher exam with Hindi subject = Working knowledge of Hindi 

    • Self-declaration of working knowledge also accepted in both cases Praveen and Working knowledge 

8. Miscellaneous

  • Numerals: International form of Indian numerals used

  • Software: 'Mantra' for translation (available on Department of Official Language website)

  • Sign Boards (Non-Hindi regions): Regional language, Hindi, English (in that order)

  • sequence of the languages is the announcement made at railway stations :  Regional language, Hindi, English (in that order)

  • Kendriya Hindi Samiti: Chaired by Prime Minister

  • Vice Chairperson: Home Minister

  • Home Ministry: Implementation responsibility

  • Law Ministry: Responsible for legal translations, translation of statutory rules, regulations and orders as per the Constitution?

  • Hindi Salahkar Samiti: Exists in all ministries.

9. 8th Schedule of the Constitution- Article 344(1) and Article 351

  • Total Languages: 22

  • Originally Added 14 languages are

  • 1 - Kashmiri

  • 2- Tamil

  • 3- Marathi

  • 4- Punjabi 

  • 5- Urdu

  • 6- Sanskrit

  • 7 - Hindi

  • 8 - Bengali

  • 9 -Assamese

  • 10- Gujrati

  • 11- Kannada

  • 12- Telgu 

  • 13 - Malyalam

  • 14 - Odiya

  • 01 languages Added in 1967

  • 15 - Sindhi (21 st Amendment)

  • 03 language Added in 1992

  • 16 - Konkani

  • 17 - Manipuri

  • 18 - Nepali

  • 04 Languages added in New Additions in 2004:(92 nd Amendment)

  • 19 - Bodo

  • 20 - Dogri

  • 21 - Santhali (2003)

  • 22- Mathili 

  • English & Rajasthani: Not included

  • Nepali: Only foreign language in the list.


Central Hindi Committee-

1)  Prime Minister is the president of the Central Hindi Committee.
2) Prime minister presides over the meeting of Central Hindi Committee.  
3) Home minister is vice president of the Central Hindi Committee.
4) Central Hindi Committee is apex body for implementing Hindi as official language.  
5) Total members - 41 including 6 Central ministers,6 Chief Ministers ( 2 from each region A,B and C)

Who was the first chairman of the Official Languages Commission? -Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher.

There is a provision to give the document related to disciplinary proceedings to the employee in which language.- Hindi or English

How many times in a year the examination of Hindi course are organized under the Hindi Teaching Scheme? - 2 (May and November).

Name of all courses conducted by Central Hindi Training Institute
1) Prabodh
2) Praveen
3) Pragya
4) Hindi word processing/Hindi Typewriting & Hindi Stenography

When may an English translation of a document be asked for-- When a document is of a legal or technical nature.

What is the Official Language of the Union of India- Hindi


Subject-- 1) Role of Indian Railway during Covid
                2) Environmentally Friendly- Indian Rail.

Tenure of Mukhya Rajbhasa Adhikari--01 Year



JCM - Joint Consultative Machinery.
Gujrati is not written in Devanagiri script.




Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

21.Telecom

                                                    Basics of Telecom Mobile Communication   Emergency Communication  Emergency Communication is provided by following means a) Emergency Socket b) 5/25 Watt VHF sets c) GSM - R ( very less percentile) d) Mobile phones available with driver, guard and staff. Emergency Socket- PT Set telephone is provided in Emergency Socket. Disadvantage of above mode of Emergency Communication - Section controller is not able to contact train crew in moving train It can be initiated only in static condition SOS facility is not available Weight of emergency control phone is fairly heavy. GSM - R is used at very less percentile. To avoid these Shortcoming MTRC ( Mobile train radio communication) is implemented. Accidents, unusual situation, robbery in train, Locomotive failure and chain pulling etc. Features of MT...
Read more

11.Data Communication & Networking

  Data Components - A data communication system has five components. 1.  Receiver  2. Sender 3. Message  4. Transmission media- Path by which message travels. Ex Twisted pair wires, Coaxial cable,fibre optic cable and radio waves 5. Protocol  Protocol is set of rules used by computers to communicate with each other across network.  Protocols can be classified as Proprietary Protocol ( specific make) Open source Protocol ( Any make). Bandwidth -  It is defined as amount of data that can be transmitted into a fixed amount of time. Usually expressed in bps ( bits per   second) Fundamental Characteristics of Data Communication   1. Delivery- System must deliver data to correct destination  2. Accuracy- System must deliver data accurately  3. Timeliness- System must deliver data in a timely manner  4. Jitter- Jitter refers to variation in packet arrival time. It is uneven delay in the delivery of audio and video packets,which r...
Read more

7.Telecom manual

  PTCC - Power and Telecommunication Co-ordination Committe. Central standing committee for co-ordination of Power and Telecommunication system. Local Telephone Equipment ( LTE). LTE is used to provide 20 local telephones at HQ. Types of cables  A) Quad Cable 0.9 mm or 1.4 mm dia. 1.4 dia Quad used for Block Section more than 12 kms. Suitable for underground laying. Used for control Circuits and block interfaces. IRS Specifications IRS: TC 30/05 B) PIJF cable-  Multi pair ( from 10 pairs to 200) Multi dia ( 0.5 mm/0.63 mm/0.9 mm) Suitable for underground laying. Used for exchange subscriber lines or branch cables branching off from main quad cable. C) Twisted Pair Switch Board Cable ( 0.5 mm/0.6 mm) Not designed for underground laying. Used for indoor applications such as distribution to various telephone subscribers in a building. Jointing Kit- For quad cable jointing- RTSF ( Reinforced Thermo Shrink Jelly Filled kit) type jointing kit to be used. Laying - Quad cable ...
Read more