Miscellaneous,GK,RTI

 RDPMS- Real diagnostic and Predictive maintenance system

Least count of Varnier Calipers-0.1 m

Least count of micrometer -0.01 m

Least count of feeler gauge - 0.05 mm to 1 mm.

Lathe Machine is a Machine tool that is used for shaping metal or wood.It works by rotating the workpiece around a stationary cutting tool. The main use is to remove unwanted parts of the material, leaving behind a nicely shaped workpiece.Tail stock is the part of Lathe Machine which holds drill.

Pitch of a Screw Gauge  -

Distance moved by a spindle per revolution.

Pitch of screw gauge = Distance moved by Screw/ No of rotations given

Rolling and Forging  -

Forging is a manufacturing process in which metal is heated and then shaped using hammers or presses.

If forging is done in die It is called Impression dia forging.Impression word refers to pre cut profile of the die used during forging process, which are based on part that is being produced.

Process in Impression dia forging-

 Fullering- The first step to reduce stock is Fullering,

Edging- This stage is used to gather the exact amount of material required at each cross section of the finished component.

Bending  - this is required for those parts which have a blend shape.

Blocking- Step before finishing to make shape very near to final one.

Rolling is also manufacturing process in which metal is passed though Rollers to create sheets or bars.

Brittleness- 

It is the property of the metal, that fractures when subjected to stress. They are characterized by little deformation, poor capacity to resist impact and vibration of load,high compressive strength and low tensile strength.

Brass- Brass is an alloy of Copper and zinc.It is non ferrous,red metal. Other metal such as lead, tin,iron, aluminum, silicon and Magness are also added to produce more unique combinations of characteristics.

Annealing  - It is a heat treatment process that changes the physical and sometimes also the chemical properties of a material to increase ductility and reduce hardness to make it more workable.After heating the material,it is cooled at very slow and controlled rate in a furnace.

Tempering - It is a heat treatment process  used to increase the toughness  of certain metals. Cooling is done with the help of air,hot water etc.

Normalizing - It is heat treatment process,that is used to make metal more ductile and tough after it has been subjected to thermal or mechanical hardening process. It involves heating a material to an elevated temperature and then taken out of furnace and allow it to cool to the room temperature.

Critical temperature- It is the highest possible temperature value at which the substance can exist as a liquid. Above Critical temperature,it will exist in gaseous form only,whatever pressure we apply.

Butt Joint - In this type of welding,two pieces of metal are placed together in the same plane and ends of each metal are joined by welding.

T Joint - Two pieces cross each other at 90 degrees.

Edge Joint - Edges are made plane or kept in such position that by welding,it can be made singal piece.

Lap joint- Two pieces are kept in laping position.

Corner Joint - Two pieces are kept at 90 degrees at corners of each other.

Parts of Lathe Machine

Tail stock assembly is used for drilling. 

Chuck is used to hold work piece during operation.Chuck is coupled with spindle via thread 

Carriage moves and holds the cutting tools. It transmits power from feeder to cutting tool.Saddle is mounted on carriage.

Train 18 ( Vande Bharat)  - Earlier name of Vande bharat express was Train 18. It is an electric multiple unit Train. First Vande Bharat launched on 15 feb 2019.It was designed by RDSO and manufacturered by Integral Coach Factory Chennai.

First Vande Bharat - Ndls to Varansi on 15 Feb 2019, inaugurated by PM Modi.

Currently 16 Vande Bharat trains are running.

Integrated Coach Factory ( ICF) - Chennai 

Rail Coach Factory ( RCF) - Kapurthala

Modern Rail Factory ( MCF ) -Raebareli

First Passenger Train 

Date - 16 April 1853

14 Carriage train -34 kms- 400 passengers- Started from Mumbai CST.

Three engines named - Sahib,Sindh and Sultan

Zinc is used for galvanizing iron to protect it from rusting.Coating of Zinc more reactive than iron hence it corroded faster than iron and protects it from rust.

Proportional Limit

In  stress strain curve for a given material upto proportional limit ,hook law remains valid.

The diffusion rate of evaporable liquids like diesel or petrol at room temperature depends upon

1) The concentration of the liquid.

2) The amount of surface area available.

3) Temperature of the environment.

Diesel Engine -

Intake and compression of air

Injection of fuel in compressed Air

Ignition of fuel by the heat of compressed air.

Zinc is used for galvanizing iron to protect it from rusting.

Alnico is ferro alloy used to make strong permanent magnet.

Appartus Case (Full/half/Quarter) Size Foundation-

Concrete foundation with mixture of cement,Sand and Jelly Chips,size:20 with ratios 1:3:6.

Outer surface should be plastered with 1:4 cement and sand.

Foundation bolt of size 22 mm dia,450 mm long with 2 flat spring washers & one nut to be used.

Electrode Earthing 

Earth  pipe - GI Pipe 50mm × 2000 ×3.5 mm thick. 

Main Signal Post Foundation 

75 mm dia,pvc pipe to be embedded during casting itself.

Where required pitching on the relevant sides of rammed surface with 225 to 300 size builders shall be done and filling the crevices with 10:6:12 concrete with fine 20 stone chips.

Outer surface should be plastered from top of foundations with 1:2 cement and sand upto a level of 500 mm.

Foundation bolt of size 30 mm dia,750 mm long with 2 flat spring washers & 2 nut to be used.

Concrete foundation ratio 1:3:6.

Height of Signal foundation- 1200 mm

Spare Conductor 

Spare conductor to a minimum of 20% of total conductors and shall be provided in each main cable upto farthest points and beyond that 10% Spare conductors.

Total 19 zone and 70 divisions in Railway 

Railway production units-

There are 8 production units

1. Diesel Locomotives Works Varansi

2. Chittaranjan Locomotives Works Chittaranjan, West Bengal

3. Integral Coach Factory Chennai ( ICF)

4. Rail Coach Factory (RCF) Kapurthala.

5. Diesel Loco Modernization works ( DMW) Patiala

6. Rail Wheel factory Bengaluru

7. Rail coach factory (RCF) Rai Bareli.

8. Rail Wheel Plant, Bela Bihar .

First train in India 16 Apr 1853 from Mumbai to Thane.

Efficiency of full wave rectifier - 81.2 percentage.

CORE( Central organisation for railway electrification) is responsible for rail route electrification.HQ - Prayagraj 

MSOP( Model schedule of powers) -first issued in Oct 2017 revised in July 2018.

Railway budget merged with general budget - 2017-18.

No dividend is paid by Railway to government after merger of budgets .

RLDA - Rail land development authority.

E Drishti is a platform for on line monitoring of Railway budget.Developed by CRIS.

World's longest platform at Hubbali in Karnataka.

India's longest train is Vivek express from Dibrugarh to Kanniyakumari.

NAIR - National Academy of Indian Railways, situated at Vadodera

The basic A to D converter used in digital voltmeter is Voltage to time converter.

PERT (Program Evaluation Review Technique) is time  oriented technique.

CPM( Critical Path Method) is an activity oriented technique.

Time limit for replying to the request for information if the request has been made to PIO under RTI- 30 days.

CORE - Central Organisation for Railway Electrification 

RFID - Railway frequency identification 

CRAC - Consignee Receipt & Acceptance Certificate 

EOTT - End of Train telemetry 

Classes of Lever

There are three classes of levers

First class lever- Fulcrum is between force and weight.

Eg. Crowbar, Scissors, Wheel and Axle

Second class lever- 

Weight is between force and fulcrum 

Eg. Stapler, doors or gates, bottle openers, nut cracker,nail clippers.

Third class lever-

Force is between weight and fulcrum.

Eg. Broom,bow and arrow,Human jaw

Important Notes

Minister of Railway  - Sh Ashwini Vaishnaw

Minister of State of Railway- Sh V. Somanna and Sh Ravneet Singh

Smt Droupadi Murmu is the 15 th President of India.

Sh Narendra Modi - 16 th prime Minister 

Bharatmala Pariyojna -- Raising of corridors and National Highways

Sagarmala Project - Increase connectivity at ports,modernisation of ports,Development of new ports.

World’s tallest statue - Statue of unity with height of 182 m.

PM Gati Shakti - It is a transformative approach for economic growth and sustainable development. The approach is driven by 7 engines,namely 

Railway,  Road,Ports,Waterways,Airports,Mass transport and logistics infrastructure.

ALNICO is family of iron alloy which,in addition to iron are composed primarily of aluminum,nikel and cobalt. Used in preparation of permanent magnet.

Chairman of NDMA( National Disaster Management Academy) - Prime minister 

There are 17 Railway zones including Matro Railway.

In Durban city of South Africa, Mahatma Gandhi was physically assaulted and thrown from Footpath.

In Lahore session of congress, Poorna Swaraj' pledge was taken.

Inquilab Zindabad Slogan - Bhagat Singh.

Highest sporting honour of india- Major Dyan Chandra Khel Ratna Award .

Financial emergency can be declared under Article 360.

Gyan peetha Award - Highest literary award in India.

Home Ministry is authorised to grant citizenship of India on applicant.

250 - Maximum strength  of Rajya Sabha

Bangladesh - Longest International boundary with India.

Seven Sisters- Assam, Tripura, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram.

Dhola Sadiya Bridge in Assam - Longest road bridge in India.It is built across Lohit River.

SAARC ( South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation)-

Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives,Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.( Total 8).

Salt Satyagraha - 1930

Famous Kohinoor diamond - Golconda mines.

Mohammad Iqbal - Writer of Sare jahan se Achcha 

Highest peak of Himalayas situated at Nepal.

Do or Die - Quit India Movement 

Headquarters of International Olympic Committee - Switzerland 

Agha Khan Cup - Hockey 

GST started - 2017.

Resignation of President of India will be addressed to Vice president.

21 is total no RRBs in the country.

Anemometer - Used to measure velocity of winds.

Meerabai - Student of Ravidas.

Guru Angad- Successor of Baba Guru Nanak.

Battle of Plassey - First major victory of East India Company.

Brahma Samaj - Raja Ram Mohan Rai.

Satya Shodhak Samaj - Jyoti rao Phule

Lord Curzon - Viceroy at time of Bengal Partision in year 1905.

Sea breeze - Breeze from sea to land

Corbon dioxide -

Transparent to incoming solar radiation and opaque to outgoing terrestrial radiation.

Coriolis Force -

It is an apparent force due to the Earth 's rotation.

Insolation - 

It is a incoming solar radiation in short wave form 

1905 - Railway board was constituted.

Public Account Committee -

15 from Lok Sabha and 5 from Rajya Sabha.

Quit India movement - Against Cripps proposal.

1885- Indian National Congress was established.

1757 - The battle of Plassey.

Tulsidas - In the era of Akbar.

Kalpakkam Power Station - Built completely indigenously.

H J Bhabha - First chairman of Atomic energy commission.

Lord William Bentinck - Removed sati pratha 

YellowStone National park - USA.

Prakash Padukone - First Indian to win all England Badminton Championship.

Third war of Panipat - Ahmed Shah abdali and Marathas.

Alkaline( basic)- PH value is greater than 7.

Nandadevi peak - Uttarakhand 

Silent valley National park - Kerala 

74%- literacy rate of india 

PRAN - Permanent Retirement Account Number ( 12 digits)

Strength of Public Audit Committe- 15 Lok Sabha and 7 Rajya Sabha.

After review suspension can be extended upto 180 days.

Rupees 250/ -fine on CPIO for giving misleading information.

International Yoga Day - 21 June

Mahabharat - Longest epic in the world.

HQ of WHO - Geneva

Vyas Samman - Literature.

Quit India Movement - 08 August 1942.

Garam pani Sanctuary - Dipu, Assam.

First Commander in Chief of Indian Army - Field Marshall K M Kariappa.

Lord Dalhousie - Father of Indian Railways.

Fathometer - Ocean Depth.

Jamshedpur - Steel City of India 

Heerakund dam - Longest Earthen Dam

Arctic Ocean - Smallest ocean

Dhanbad - Black Diamond City